HMRC’s Code of Practice 9 (COP9) leaflet outlines the procedures for any investigations into serious fraud by HMRC. COP9 covers both direct and indirect taxes and includes confirmation from HMRC that taxpayers will be treated fairly and courteously. Investigations of this type by HMRC are designed to ascertain the full facts of a case and to collect any tax liabilities, penalties and interest deemed owing in cases of fraudulent conduct.